That is why it is so important for all women between the ages of 25 and 74 to have a HPV test every five years. Cervical cancer mostly occurs as a consequence of a human papillomavirus HPV infection. There are more than different types of HPV, but only a few types that affect the cervix. Vaccines are now available that prevent the types of HPV infection that cause most cervical cancers but do not protect against all the types of HPV that can cause cervical cancers.
All vaccinated and unvaccinated women still need to have a cervical screening test every five years. An unsatisfactory cervical screening test means that the laboratory staff could not detect any cells to give a report. If your results show that HPV infection was not detected, you will be sent a reminder to have your next screening test in five years. It is natural to feel anxious or worried if you have just found out that your HPV test is positive.
HPV is present in nearly all However, not all HPV infections lead to cervical cancer. For most women the virus clears naturally in one to two years. However, in some cases HPV may take longer to clear from the body, increasing the risk of developing cervical cancer. If HPV is found, additional tests will automatically be done on the same sample of cells in the laboratory. Your doctor will let you know what will happen next. Depending on the results of all of the tests, you might have a repeat cervical screening test in 12 months, to see if the HPV infection has cleared, or might have a follow-up procedure called a colposcopy.
The number of inadequate test results has reduced since liquid based cytology a way of preparing cervical samples for examination in the laboratory has been introduced. In England in , 2. We talked to women about how they felt about getting an inadequate test result.
Some women said the repeat test was an inconvenience rather than a worry, which they wanted to get over with, especially if they found the test difficult or embarrassing. Others were anxious because they were given insufficient information about why they were asked to have a repeat test and they thought that something was wrong with their cervix. A few felt reassured that their experience was not unusual, once they had spoken to family or friends who had also been asked to have a repeat test.
When it happened before, it's happened a few times, not majorly but a few times the nurse has always, when I've got back the nurse has always explained that basically it's not, it's nothing to worry about it's just she hasn't managed to get enough of the cells for them to be able to get a decent screening.
So it's just a bit inconvenient really that's all, it's nothing that I think "oh no" or worry about, I know that basically she just, they just haven't got enough to be able to do a proper screening so of course you have to go back and do it again, it's just normally inconvenient I think "oh no". Sometimes you may be asked to call your GP to get the results. The nurse or doctor who does your cervical screening will tell you when you can expect your results letter. If you have waited longer than you expected, call your GP surgery to see if they have any updates.
Sometimes you'll be asked to come back in 3 months to have the test again. This does not mean there's anything wrong, it's because the results were unclear. This is sometimes called an inadequate result. A speculum will be used to open your vagina and allow your doctor to see your cervix.
Your doctor will use a swab to remove a few cells from your cervix. They will place these cells on a glass slide and send them to a lab for testing. Test results can be inconclusive. This result is sometimes called ASC-US, which means atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance. In some cases, a poor sample can lead to inconclusive results.
That might happen if you recently had intercourse or used menstrual products. An abnormal result means some cervical cells have changed. Abnormal cells are either low grade or high grade. Low-grade cells are only slightly abnormal. High-grade cells look less like normal cells and may develop into cancer. The existence of abnormal cells is known as cervical dysplasia.
The abnormal cells are sometimes called carcinoma in situ or precancer. Your doctor will be able to explain the specifics of your Pap result, the likelihood of a false-positive or false-negative, and the steps you should take next. When Pap results are unclear or inconclusive, your doctor may want to schedule a repeat test in the near future.
It takes additional testing to confirm cancer. If your Pap results are unclear or inconclusive, the next step will likely be a colposcopy. A colposcopy is a procedure in which your doctor uses a microscope to inspect your cervix.
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